Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes among patients with Impaired Fasting Blood Sugar in Seria Health Centre.

 

KHAING AK, THU K, HLAING AA.

Seria Health Centre, Community Health Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam.

 

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Fasting Plasma Glucose test is the mostly used screening test for Diabetes Mellitus in Brunei Darussalam. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test is recommended to determine exact glucose tolerance status if Fasting Plasma Glucose is impaired between 6.1 mmol/L and 6.9 mmol/L. It was assumed that there would be some undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance among those with impaired Fasting Plasma Glucose but local data about their exact glucose tolerance status were not available. Materials and Methods: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test results of 59 patients with impaired Fasting Plasma Glucose in Seria Health Centre during three-year period (1st Nov 2012 - 31st Oct 2015) were reviewed to determine the proportion of undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, pure Impaired Fasting Glucose and to find the factors associated with different degree of glucose tolerance. Results: The finding revealed that 47.5 % (n=28) of sample were undiagnosed Diabetic, 22 % (n=13) with Impaired Glucose Tolerance, 6.8% (n=4) with pure Impaired Fasting Glucose and 23.7 % (n=14) were normoglycaemic. Among the undiagnosed diabetic patients (n=28), 2-hour Plasma Glucose test could detect 92.7 % (n=26) of them but Fasting Plasma Glucose test could detect only 42.9% (n=12) of them as Diabetics.  More than half of these patients, 57.1% (n=16) would be misdiagnosed if Fasting Plasma Glucose test alone was repeated on their follow up. The sociodemographic factors and presence of risk factors for Diabetes showed no significant association with different degree of glucose tolerance. Conclusion: The study indicates that patients with impaired Fasting Plasma Glucose should be further tested with Oral Glucose Tolerance Test on follow up visits since repeating Fasting Plasma Glucose test alone could fail to detect Impaired Glucose Tolerance and 57% of Diabetes.

 

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, Impaired Fasting Glucose, Impaired Glucose Tolerance.

 

Correspondence: Aung Kyaw KHAING, Medical Officer, Seria Health Centre, Community Health Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam.

Phone: +6733222651; +6738868371

E mail: aung.khaing.09@alumni.ucl.ac.uk

 

Brunei Int Med J. 2017; 13 (3): 79-84

BACK TO CONTENTS