Nosocomial infections surveillance in RIPAS Hospital

 

Muppidi SATYAVANI, 1, 2 Junita MOMIN, ² and Samuel Kai San YAPP 2, 3

¹ Department of Microbiology, 2 Infection Control Unit, ³ Department of Surgery, RIPAS Hospital, Brunei Darussalam

 

Introduction: Nosocomial infection or Health Care Associated Infection (HCAI) present major problem in any healthcare setting and the quality of infection control reflects the standard of care provided. Surveillance is one of the most important aspect of any infection control programme and knowledge of the types and rates of infections, interventions and source of HCAI is important. Good infection control reduce nosocomial infections, length of stay and cost. This study assesses the status of nosocomial infection in RIPAS Hospital in 2010 and the trends of infections over an 11-year period (2000-2010). Material and Methods: Patients who developed infections 48 hours after admission were considered to have HCAI and were included in the study. These patients were identified from the Microbiology Laboratory reports and confirmed following ward visits to verify the signs of infection. Data on nosocomial infections were collected and analysed for the incidence, location of patients and types of infections. Results: During 2010, 268 (0.89%) patients out of 30,027 admissions were identified to have developed HCAI. The Burns Unit recorded the highest incidence (27.2%) followed by the Medical Intensive Care Unit (18.9%), Surgical Intensive Care Unit (11.2%), Special Care Baby Unit (4.6%), Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (2.3%) and the Coronary Care Unit (1.9%). Lower respiratory infections were the most common type, accounting for 32.9%, followed by catheter and intravenous access related infections (17.3%), blood stream infections (16.9%), soft tissue infections (13.3%), surgical site infections (10.8%), urinary tract infections (10.8%) and burns wound infection (1.8%). The organisms commonly isolated were gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Conclusions: This study showed that nosocomial infection accounted for only a small proportion of infections. Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common type, and Burns Unit had the highest incidence compared to the other units or locations.

 

Keywords: Healthcare associated infections, infection control, procedures related infection

 

Correspondence author: Muppidi SATYAVANI, Department of Microbiology, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan BA 1710, Brunei Darussalam. E mail: satya@brunet.bn

 

Brunei Int Med J. 2012; 8 (6): 327-333

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